A is for......

A is for artifacts, objects made long ago.

B is for barter, which is the exchange of one good or service for another.

C is for capital, which is wealth that is earned, saved, and invested to make profits.

D is for Donald Johanson, who found the remains of a hominid skeleton.

E is for Exodus, which was the escape of the Hebrews from Egypt.

F is for factory systems, which is the production of goods in a factory through the use of machines and workers.

G is for gladiators, which were trained fighters who fought for entertainment.

H is for Hyksos, which means foreigners who arrived in Egypt from Asia.

I is for import, which is a good or service bought from another country.

J is for Jesuits, a religion founded by Ignatius de Loyola.

K is for kami, Japanese gods or nature spirits.

L is for liberalism, a political movement protecting individual rights and the rule of the law.

M is for Menes, a king who united all of Egypt.

N is for Nebuchadnezzer, who defeated most of the Fertile Crescent.

O is for Odyssey, which was an epic written by Homer.

P is for patricians, landowners who controlled Roman government and society.

Q is for Qur'an, the holy book of Islam.

R is for Ramses II, who was a strong Pharoah who ruled Egypt.

S is for Sargon, who was the most powerful Akkadian king.

T is for Torah, which was the first five books of the Old Testament.

U is for unions, which were workers that combined forces and demands for different workers.

V is for Vedic Age, a period of India's history dating from 1500 B.C. to 1000 B.C.

W is for World Trade Center, which was an office complex destroyed in NYC in 2001.

X is for Xia, a line of kings ruling over the Neolithic people.

Y is for yang, which is a force that is bright and active.

Z is for Zhou, people who overthrew the Shang dynasty in China.

Bellringer 4/25/12

What effects did developments in transportation and communication have on the spread of the Industrial Revolution?     It helped spread the use of technology. 

How did the lives of women and children change during the revolution?     They began to work due to low expectations of the pay.

How and why did methods of production change during the industrial revolution?     The technology increased in the quality.   

How did the increase use of machinery affect workers and working conditions?     More produce was produced in a quicker amount of time.

How did inventions in the textile industry lead to other new inventions?     It led to the cotton gin and other factory machines.

Bellringer 4/24/12

     I do not think, at all, that a video game could have any affect on training you to kill people.  This man is, in my opinion, mentally unstable and should be assessed for his crimes but also for his mental health.

Test Questions

1. The Renaissance began in this city : Florence, Italy.
2. An interest in the classic is called : Liberalism.
3. Who wrote the first modern biography? JAMES BOSWELL?
4. Who wrote "The Prince"? Niccolo Machiavelli.
5. Who created David? Michelangelo.
6. Where was the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance?
7. Who painted the "Mona Lisa"? Leonardo DaVinci.
8. What was the famous family in Florence that ruled? the Medici family.
9. Donatello, Michelangelo, and Ghiberti were all what? Renaissance artists.
10. Who painted "The Last Supper"? Leonardo DaVinci.
11. Who painted the Sistine Chapel? Michelangelo.
12. Who invented the movable metal type? Johannes Gutenberg.
13. What is a French name for a castle? Chateau.
14. Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxemburg are referred to as the __________________ countries.
15. In the Renaissance they began to paint with what? oil paints.
16. Who wrote the book, "Utopia"? Thomas More.
17. Who was a classical playwright whose works included Romeo & Juliet, Hamlet, and Othello? William Shakespeare.
18. This is a change in the church's way of teaching and practicing Christianity :
19. Tickets issued by the church said to reduce the punishment for one's sins and even future sins : Indulgences.
20. Who believed in justification by faith?
21. Luther nailed these to the door of a Whitenburg chruch to protest the Catholic beliefs :
22. What was the first Protestant faith?
23. Who was the founder of Lutheranism? Martin Luther.
24. Who was the Swiss reformer?
25. What is a church-run state called?
26. Who wrote the institutes of Christian religion?
27. Who was the founder of Calvinism? John Calvin.
28. What is it called when God determines the fate of every person?
29. These people believed that only adults could be baptized :
30. Who was Henry's first wife? Catherine.
31. Who was Henry's second wife? Anne.
32. Who was Henry's third wife? Jane.
33. Who was Henry's fourth wife? Anne.
34. Who was Henry's fifth wife? Catherine.
35. Who was Henry's sixth wife? Catherine.
36. What happened to Henry's first wife? divorced.
37. What happened to Henry's second wife? beheaded.
38. What happened to Henry's third wife? died.
39. What happened to Henry's fourth wife? divorced.
40. What happened to Henry's fifth wife? beheaded.
41. What happened to Henry's sixth wife? survived.
42. Why did Henry VIII get married so many times? He wanted to have a son, so he would have an heir to the throne.
43. Name Henry's children : Mary, Edward, and Elizabeth.
44. Who became head of the church during Henry VIII's reign?
45. The inquisition was brought about to restore whose authority?
46. This was a change by the Catholic Church :
47. Who was the founder of the Jesuits?
48. What was the name of the society of Jesus? Jerusalem.
49. The main job of the Jesuits was to be?
50. The qualities of being merciful, trustworthy, humane, religious, and honest were the qualities of a good person according to whom?

Sir Thomas More

Aretmisia Gentileschi

• Italian painter
• born on July 8, 1593
• one of the most accomplished  painters
• raped, which influenced her work
• painted pictures of strong independent women including a self portrait

Sir Thomas More

• born in 1478
• known as Saint Thomas More
• english lawyer, philosopher
• wrote "Utpoia" 

Martin Luther

• born in 1483
• wrote the 95 theses
• became a monk and theologist

Prince Henry of Portugal

• nicknamed henry the navigator
• third child of john the 4th
• established a center of navigation and exploration

Miguel de Cervantes

• born in 1547
• spanish novelist and play writer
• prince of wits
• Donquixote

Louise Labe

• born in the early 1500's
• wrote 24 sonnets
• born to a rope maker
• died in the early 1560's
• author who encouraged women to write books

 Filippo Brunelleschi

• Renaissance architect and engineer
• built a dome for Florence cathedral

Ambrose Pare

• born in France
• served as a surgeons apprentice
• served in the war
• wrote a book about sea devils
•  his faith is unknown
• tied an artery 
• first one to use bandages 

Peter Bruegul

• flemmish painter
• known for landscapes and peasant scense
• painted peasant dance

John Calvin

• Born July 10, 1509 in France. He died in 1564
• was a french reformer & theologian
• wrote the Institutes of the Christian Religion
• When Calvin was 28, he moved to Geneva, Switzerland
• he created Calvinism
• Calvinism was based around the absolute power and supremacy of God.

Robert Hooke

• an English philosopher & architect
• born in July of 1635.
• Helped rebuild London after the great fire
• Last of 4 children

Niccolo Machiavelli

• father of modern political theory
• Wrote "The Prince"
• was unfairly attacked his whole life

Chistopher Columbus

• an italian spanish navigator. sailed west across atlantic ocean
• didn't mean to discover the americas
• travelled to Carribean Sea and claimed land

Galiliei

• well known musician
• made a telescope
• found jupiter's 4 moons
• observed Venus for a while
• became blind
• born in 1464
• first to record sun spots

Johannes Gutenburg

• german blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher.
• introduced printing to Europe
• invented the moveable printing press, known as a very important event
• major work - Gutenburg bible
• born in 1398

Leonardo Da Vinci

• Painted the "Last Supper"
• created designs for airplanes
• invented and sketched early tanks and cars

Michelangelo

• was an italian painter and sculptor
• painted the cieling Sistine Chapel
• was very well known

William Shakespeare

• wrote "Romeo and Juliet"

Nicolaus Copernicius

• Publsihed theory that the Earth was not the center of the universe

Andreas Vesalies

• published detailed descriptions of the human anatomy

Anne of Cleves

• Anne of Cleves was the fourth wife of King Henry.
• They married for political reasons. 
• Anne was a German pincess.
• She only married because Henry needed a German Alliance.
• She had no kids and the marriage became a political embarassment.
• Their marriage ended in 1540.
• She was given the title of "King's Sister"
• She lived longer than King Henry.

Leonardo da Vinci

My name is Leonardo da Vinci and I am a writer, painter, sculptor, inventor, musician, scientist, and engineer in the Renaissance.  I was born in Florence, Italy (where the Renaissance began) on April 15, 1452. I was apprenticed by Andrea di Cione at the age of fourteen.  I became known as the “Renaissance Master” for the works that I have done during this time.  I am considered to be one of the greatest painters of all time, which is what I am known mostly for.  Two of my most famous paintings were the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.   Not only was I considered to be one of the greatest painters of all time, but some say I was most diversely talented person to ever live!  People say my vision for the world was much more logical rather than mysterious.  I tried to paint paintings with movement and expression incorporated in them.   By fleeing from social situations most of my paintings never made it off of my sketch pad and were left half finished.  After 1477 I worked independently until 1481.  My paintings were said to have great detail and accuracy.  I was charged with sodomy in 1481 which put a dent in my wonderful reputation just as my career was reaching its peak. I moved to Milan, leaving behind two projects.  In 1516, the king of France invited me to work with him.  On May 2, 1519 I died of unknown causes which are still questioned today.  I believe I was one of the greatest artists to ever live.